The specific challenges the surgeon faces when performing facial procedures can be divided into two categories: gravitational and intrinsic changes that the patient has undergone.

Gravitational changes can result in jowls, nasolabial folds, sagging neck, drooping eyebrows, forehead lines, and enlarged, swollen pads under the eye, "crow's feet" or wrinkling around the eye area or a droopy nasal tip. Intrinsic changes can results in loss of skin elasticity, fine epidermal lines, ultraviolet changes, abnormal pigmentation, lesions and fat decumulation.

Changes in the face, whether by gravitational or intrinsic change caused by aging, do affect the balance and proportion of the facial features in relation to each other. The desire for a high degree of symmetry is a contributing factor to perceptions of conventional beauty, demonstrating the philosophy of both art and science. Facial cosmetic surgery, by combining the two, can do much to address facial imbalance and restore symmetry to the face. Documented studies do reveal that symmetry is in fact a major component of facial attractiveness. A balanced facial structure is aesthetically preferable and is perceived as an indication of vitality and health.

Aging affects the quality and quantity of your skin. The aging process is the result of hereditary factors (bone structure), biological factors (demineralization, muscle loss, halt in collagen production) and environmental factors (natural elements of the sun, wind, temperature extremes, pollution). Lifestyles (alcohol, caffeine, sleep, and smoking) also play a role in the aging process.

With the natural aging process or due to these environmental and hereditary factors, the effects of gravity, sun exposure, pollution, life stresses or even simply the result of years of repetitive facial muscle movement such as smiling, chewing and squinting, the visible signs can begin to show on your face. If performed at the right time-which has less to do with age than with need, since we all age at different times-a facelift can make you look undeniably younger. Though facial rejuvenation procedures will not stop the aging process, the years gained through facial rejuvenation procedures will remain-you will always look much younger than if you had not had a rejuvenation procedure at all.

The three pillars of facial rejuvenation are:

• The S-Facelift & Neck Lift
• The Forehead Lift and Upper Eyelid Blepharoplasty and
• Lower Eyelid Blepharoplasty.

These procedures can remove deep skin folds and creases in the mid-face, forehead and eye areas, re-contour an unshapely jaw line and diminish jowls. They can also smooth out, redefine the neckline, and restore the original shape to the eyes and the entire face. The result is a refreshed, youthful, refined and more attractive appearance.